Independent study/directed reading courses offer MA and 1st year PhD students the opportunity to explore a topic not currently offered as a graduate course. Students are responsible for finding a graduate faculty member willing to work with them. In collaboration, the graduate faculty member and the student or group of students will create a syllabus clearly outlining the learning goals, deliverables, resources, timeline, and mechanism for feedback. The supervising faculty member must have a School of Graduate Studies (SGS) Graduate Faculty Membership Appointment through the Department of History or another unit in the university. These are not meant to replace existing curriculum where sufficient course offerings are available. HIS1999H courses may count towards a student's course requirements at the discretion of the Associate Chair (Graduate). They should fill a gap in knowledge required for the 2000 paper/PhD dissertation.