The concept of diegetic music coined by Michel Chion in 1985 continues to be a central issue in film music studies. Diegetic music is that which is heard by the characters in a film, as opposed to the non-diegetic musical accompaniment (i.e., film score) heard only by the film’s audience. In this seminar, we will begin by looking at film music scholarship prior to Chion (e.g., Sergei Eisenstein and Christian Metz) and afterwards (e.g., Rick Altman and Ben Winters). The bulk of the seminar will be spent listening to the many ways in which filmmakers cross the "fantastical gap between diegetic and non-diegetic" (Robynn Stillwell), in selected films — both in and out of Hollywood — from the twenties to the present.