This course examines orchestral scores from 1950 to the present day. Several important trends in composition will be studied, including, but not limited to, European Modernism, Spectralism, the Avant Garde of the 1960s, Minimalism, the persistence of Romanticism, the inclusion of media elements, Post-Modernism, Meta-Modernism, and the mainstream. Scores will be analyzed for compositional style, as well as for idiomatic writing for instruments and instrumental groups. Extended technique, notation, and alternative pitch systems will be part of the curriculum.