Ecosystem science provides the scientific foundation to support the sustainable management of diverse ecosystem services including provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting services. A deep understanding of interactions between different ecosystem services and impacts of different human and natural disturbances on ecosystem’s health is critical to design and implement sustainability management practices. This course provides an in-depth understanding of ecosystem science and ecosystem-based management systems. The course focuses on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The course covers ecosystem structures and functions, ecological energetics (primary production, secondary production, and consumer energetics), biogeochemistry (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles), nutrients and pollutants in ecosystems, ecosystem budgets, ecological restoration, ecosystem-based management, and adaptive management.